ערים ומורכבות
העיר כמערכת מורכבת היברידית
Cities and Complexity
The City as a Hybrid Complex System
פרופ' יובל פורטוגלי
Prof. Juval Portugali
העיר כמערכת מורכבת היברידית
The City as a Hybrid Complex System
The city as a hybrid complex systems
An important insight that arises from the intersection between Complexity, Cognition and the City [1] is, that the city, as a complex system, consists of two types of components: artifacts (inanimate objects) and humans, or in the parlance of complexity, urban agents. Every human urban agent is a complex adaptive system, while the artifacts are by definition simple systems that cannot communicate with each other nor with their environment and thus incapable of adaptation. From this perspective, the city is a hybrid complex system [2,3,4]. However, what truly makes it a complex adaptive system are the human agents – the city's inhabitants and users. On the one hand, they enable the interconnections among urban artifacts such as buildings, roads, parks, and between them and their environment; on the other hand, as part of their adaptive behavior they produce the artifacts that make the city a hybrid system.
[1] Portugali, J. (2011) Complexity, Cognition and the City, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springe
[2] Portugali J. (2016). What makes cities complex? In Portugali J. and Stolk E. Eds. Complexity, Cognition Urban Planning and Design. Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin,. 3-20.
[3] Portugali J. (2021c) Homo faber, Homo Ludens and the city: A SIRNIA view on urban planning and design. In Juval Portugali (Ed.). Handbook on Cities and Complexity. 370 – 390. Edward Elgar Publishing UK.
[4] Portugali J. (2023) The Second Urban Revolution: Complexity, cognition and the view from the Israeli-Palestinian perspective. Tel Aviv University Press (Hebrew).
על אודות החוקרים
פרופ' יובל פורטוגלי
יובל פורטוגלי, ראש מרכז העיר לחקר ערים ועירוניות באוניברסיטת תל אביב, פרופ' לגיאוגרפיה אנושית בחוג לגיאוגרפיה וסביבת האדם באוניברסיטת תל אביב. עיסוקו המחקרי של יובל משלב תיאוריות מורכבות וארגון עצמי, קוגניציה סביבתית-מרחבית, דינמיקה אורבנית ותכנון בתקופות מודרניות ועתיקות. פרסומיו כוללים כ-100 מאמרים ו-20 ספרים מדעיים.
About the researchers
Prof. Juval Portugali
Juval Portugali, Professor of Human Geography at the Department of Geography and the Human Environment Tel Aviv University. Head of the Environmental Simulation Laboratory (ESLab) and Head of City Center –Tel Aviv University center for cities and urbanism. Juval Portugali received his BA degree from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, did his MA studies at the Technion Haifa, and received a London University PhD from The London School of Economics and Political sciences. His research integrates complexity and self-organization theories, environmental-spatial cognition, urban dynamics and planning in modern and ancient periods. His publications include some 100 research articles and 20 scientific books.